{"id":2966,"date":"2012-06-21T19:44:22","date_gmt":"2012-06-21T19:44:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/?p=2966"},"modified":"2014-02-07T00:24:49","modified_gmt":"2014-02-07T00:24:49","slug":"mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Author: Arthur D. Little.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Spectrum caps have been introduced in several countries at various times as one ex ante means to implement\u00a0competition policy in mobile communications markets. They have been applied to help ensure that no single\u00a0mobile operator, or a very small number, can acquire all or almost all spectrum on offer either at the time of\u00a0initial spectrum awards or in subsequent mergers of, or deals between operators. The goal is to prevent\u00a0operators from gaining positions through large holdings of a scarce resource, i.e. spectrum, which they might\u00a0then exploit anti-competitively so as to cause market failures with deleterious effects for customers and\u00a0overall economic welfare. In contrast some countries have relied on other means than spectrum caps to\u00a0ensure entry into the mobile market by multiple operators, such as issuing multiple separate licenses and\u00a0setting aside spectrum for entrants in individual spectrum auctions. These other measures have the practical\u00a0effect of capping the amount of spectrum which various operators can acquire, but in a way that does not fix\u00a0the same level and form of cap for all operators over an extended period of time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Download &#8220;<a href=\"\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/spectrumcapsreportjan09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps<\/a>&#8221; &#8211; English (PDF)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Author: Arthur D. Little. Spectrum caps have been introduced in several countries at various times as one ex ante means to implement\u00a0competition policy in mobile communications markets. They have been applied to help ensure that no single\u00a0mobile operator, or a very small number, can acquire all or almost all spectrum on offer either at the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"algolia_discover_type":[13722],"class_list":["post-2966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","algolia_discover_type-article"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps - GSMA Latin America<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps - GSMA Latin America\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Author: Arthur D. Little. Spectrum caps have been introduced in several countries at various times as one ex ante means to implement\u00a0competition policy in mobile communications markets. They have been applied to help ensure that no single\u00a0mobile operator, or a very small number, can acquire all or almost all spectrum on offer either at the [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GSMA Latin America\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-06-21T19:44:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2014-02-07T00:24:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tskinner\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@gsma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@gsma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tskinner\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps - GSMA Latin America","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps - GSMA Latin America","og_description":"Author: Arthur D. Little. Spectrum caps have been introduced in several countries at various times as one ex ante means to implement\u00a0competition policy in mobile communications markets. They have been applied to help ensure that no single\u00a0mobile operator, or a very small number, can acquire all or almost all spectrum on offer either at the [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/","og_site_name":"GSMA Latin America","article_published_time":"2012-06-21T19:44:22+00:00","article_modified_time":"2014-02-07T00:24:49+00:00","author":"tskinner","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@gsma","twitter_site":"@gsma","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"tskinner","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/"},"author":{"name":"tskinner","@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america\/#\/schema\/person\/c3fabbd94571037adefc525b0dec1fc3"},"headline":"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps","datePublished":"2012-06-21T19:44:22+00:00","dateModified":"2014-02-07T00:24:49+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/"},"wordCount":207,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america\/#organization"},"articleSection":["General"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/","url":"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/about-us\/regions\/latin-america-and-the-caribbean\/mobile-broadband-competition-and-spectrum-caps\/","name":"Mobile Broadband, Competition and Spectrum Caps - 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