Post Quantum Government Initiatives by Country and Region
The scope of this section is to provide a summary of countries with active PQC programs as context for the Post Quantum Telco analysis. This is not an exhaustive list and is intended to be indicative only. Given the rapidly evolving area for governments globally, ongoing monitoring is required to ensure consistency with strategic plans and roadmaps.
We welcome any comments and feedback to ensure the information is accurate and up to date.
Note: This section has been updated (to March 2025) include the latest guidance from the listed countries. For ease of reference countries have been included even if there is no update since March 2025.
Summary of Guidelines provided by the Countries
| Country | PQC Algorithms Under Consideration | Published Guidance | Timeline (summary) |
| Australia | NIST | ACSC-2023 ACSC-2024 ASD-2024 | Complete transition to quantum resistant cryptography by 2030. |
| Canada | NIST | CAN-01 CAN-02 CAN-03 | Start planning and inventory. Introduce standards-based PQC from 2025-26. CSE is updating detailed PQC guidance. |
| China | China Specific | CAICT-2023 NICCS-2025 | Start Planning PQC algorithm program. |
| Czech Republic | NIST (but not restricted to) | NÚKIB-2023 | Migrate by 2027 (key establishment, encryption). As soon as possible for firmware & software signing. |
| European Union | NIST Plan to select PQC EU algorithms | ENISA-2022 EC-2024 EP-2025 | Start planning Define a coordinated PQC roadmap for Member States by 2026. Actions for financial services |
| France | NIST (but not restricted to) | ANSSI (2022, 2023) | Start planning; Transition from 2024 |
| Germany | NIST (but not restricted to) | BSI-2021 BSI-2023 BSI-2024 | Start planning |
| Israel | IL-2022 IL-2025 | Start planning, create cryptographic inventory. Add PQC to contracts. Requirement for financial services firms to manage quantum risk, develop inventory and initial plan | |
| Italy | NIST | IT-2024 | |
| Japan | Monitoring NIST | JAPAN-2022 | Start planning; initial timeline. CRYPTREC is preparing detailed PQC guidelines. |
| Netherlands | ML-KEM, Classic McEliece and FrodoKEM recommended in hybrid mode for TLS. | NL-2022 AIVD-2023 NL-2024 | Draft action plan with timeframes |
| New Zealand | NIST | NZISM-2024 | Start planning. Transition from 2026-27. |
| Singapore | Monitoring NIST | SG-2022 MAS-2024 | No timeline available. Financial services firms required to prepare plan. |
| South Korea | KPQC signatures: AIMer, HAETAE. KPQC KEM: SMAUG-T and NTRU+. | KPQC-2025 MSIT-2023 MSIT-2025 | PQC algorithms selected PQC Roadmap for completion 2035 Pilot transition plan 2025-2028. |
| Spain | NIST and FrodoKEM. | CCN.ES-2022 | Four phase approach today to post-2030. |
| United Kingdom | NIST | NCSC-2024a NCSC-2024b NCSC-2024c | Start planning; cryptographic discovery; use only standards in production. NCSC is preparing detailed PQC guidance. |
| United States | NIST | NSM-10 CISA-2021 CNSA20 HR7375 CISA-2023 CISA-2024 EO-14144 | Implement 2023-2033 |
Further References
| Country | Key References |
| Australia | Planning for Post-quantum Cryptography, Australian Cyber Security Center, 2023 [ACSC-2023] Information Security Manual: Guidelines for Cryptography [ASD-2024] |
| Canada | Cyber Centre celebrates new NIST post-quantum standards, Canadian Centre for Cyber Security, 07 Aug 2024, Cyber Centre Canada [CAN-01] Canadian National Quantum-Readiness: BEST PRACTICES AND GUIDELINES, Version 04 – July 2024. CFDIR [CAN-02] |
| China | Post-Quantum Cryptography Application Research Report, 2023 [CAICT-2023] Announcement on Launching the Next-generation Commercial Cryptographic Algorithms Program (NGCC), Feb 2025 [NICCS-2025] |
| Czech Republic | Minimum Requirements for cryptographic algorithms – Cryptographic security recommendations, NÚKIB, 2023 [NUKIB-2023] |
| EU | Post-Quantum Cryptography – Integration Study, ENISA, Oct 2022 [ENISA-2022]] Coordinated Implementation Roadmap for the transition to Post-Quantum Cryptography, European. Commission, Apr 2024. [EC-2024] Europol (2025), Quantum Safe Financial Forum – A Call to Action, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. [EP-2025] |
| France | ANSSI views on the Post-Quantum Cryptography transition, Jan 2022 [ANSSI-2022] ANSSI views on the Post-Quantum Cryptography transition (2023 follow-up), Dec 2023 [ANSSI-2023a] |
| Germany | Quantum-safe cryptography – fundamentals, current developments and recommendations, BSI, Oct 2021 [BSI-2021] “Cryptographic Mechanisms: Recommendations and Key Lengths” Version: 2024-1, BSI, Feb 2024 [BSI-2024] |
| G7 | G7 CYBER EXPERT GROUP STATEMENT ON PLANNING FOR THE OPPORTUNITIES AND RISKS OF QUANTUM COMPUTING, Sep 2024 [G7-2024] |
| Israel | Organizational Cyber Readiness to the Post-Quantum Age, 2022 [IL 2022] Banking System Preparedness for Cyber Risks Arising from Quantum Computing Capabilities [IL 2025] |
| Italy | Crittografia Post-Quantum e Quantistica, Preparazione alla Minaccia Quantistica, ACN [ACN-2024] |
| Japan | CRYPTREC Cryptographic Technology Guideline – Post Quantum Cryptography [JAPAN-2022] |
| The Netherlands | Guidelines for Quantum-Safe Transport Layer Encryption, National Cybersecurity Center, July 2022: [NL-2022] The PQC Migration Handbook, TNO, CWI, AIVD (Netherlands National Communications Security Agency), Dec 2023 [AIVD-2023] Make your organization quantum secure, May 2024. National Cybersecurity Center [NL-2024] |
| New Zealand | Information Security Manual (Version 3.8, September 2024) Te Tira Tikai – New Zealand Government Communications Security Bureau [NZISM-2024] |
| Singapore | MCI Response to PQ on Assessment of Risk and Impact of Quantum Computing Technology and Efforts to Ensure Encrypted Digital Records and Communications Networks Remain Secure [65] Advisory on Addressing the Cybersecurity Risks Associated with Quantum, Feb 2024, Monetary Authority of Singapore [MAS2024] |
| South Korea | Selected Algorithms from the KpqC Competition Round 2, Jan 16, 2025. [KPQC-2025] [MSIT-2023] Taking the First Steps to Transform National Cryptography to Prepare for Quantum-Era Threats, Feb 2025 [MSIT-2025] |
| Spain | Recommendations for a safe post-quantum transition, centro criptologico nacional, Dec 2022 [CCN.ES-2022] |
| United Kingdom | Post-quantum cryptography: what comes next?, NCSC, Aug 2024 [NCSC-2024a] Next steps in preparing for post-quantum cryptography, version 2.0. NCSC, Aug 2024 [NCSC-2024b] NCSC Annual Review 2024 [NCSC-2024c] |
| United States | National Security Memorandum 10, White House, May 2022 [NSM-10] Preparing Critical Infrastructure for Post-Quantum Cryptography, CISA, August 2022 [CISA-2022] Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite 2.0, NSA, Dec 2024 [CNSA20] Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act, US Congress, Dec 2022 [HR7535] Quantum-Readiness: Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography, CISA/NSA/NIST, Aug 2023 [CISA-2023] Strategy for Migrating to Automated Post-Quantum Cryptography Discovery and Inventory Tools, Aug 2024 [CISA-2024] Strengthening and Promoting Innovation in the Nation’s Cybersecurity, Jan 2025, [EO-14144] |