The GSMA strongly believes that the future of Europe’s digital economy requires action to ensure that those Big Tech players, driving large and increasing traffic volumes over European networks, make a fair contribution to infrastructure investment. The publication of BEREC’s preliminary assessment into the underlying assumptions of payments from content and application providers (CAPs) to internet service providers (ISPs) fails to provide a pathway for Europe to realistically meet its agreed Digital Decade targets. The GSMA remains optimistic that Europe’s policymakers will prioritise the interests of European citizens in their analysis of this issue. We will continue to engage, alongside our members, in any forthcoming consultation process to ensure a fair and robust digital future for Europe.