China Mobile – Renewable energy and green base station upgrades 

China Mobile is dedicated to becoming a leading force behind China’s leapfrog development of science and technology, making active contributions to the building of “Digital China”. The release of the C² China Mobile Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Action Plan White Paper in 2024 outlined the Company’s commitment to Energy Saving, Clean Energy, and Empowerment as core action pillars. 

The company’s greenhouse gas emissions were projected to grow by more than 6% in 2024, without strong initiatives. To actively address this risk, China Mobile launched several targeted initiatives, including Green Intelligent Wireless, Green Intelligent Computility and Green Energy Use. In 2024, the Company purchased over 3.5 billion kWh of renewable electricity, equivalent to a reduction of over 1.87 million tonnes of CO₂ emissions. The company’s own renewable power generation reached 290 million kWh, equivalent to a reduction of 160,000 tonnes of CO₂ emissions. 

One key measure to mitigate emissions has been through the development of Green Base Stations, covering: 

1. 1. Deployment of new energy-saving technologies: The deployment rate of 5G energy-saving technologies has exceeded 99%. China Mobile is accelerating the large-scale application of 5G extreme sleep mode and 4G deep sleep mode, while promoting service-perception based intelligent shutdown for equipment that does not support sleep modes. 

2. 2. Green transformation of network architecture: China Mobile is actively advancing CRAN deployment and streamlining base station upgrades. By simplifying the network, equipment and machinery rooms, the Company significantly reduced site energy consumption. In 2024, nearly 60,000 minimalist base stations were deployed. 

3. 3. Research on low-carbon energy technologies for communication sites: in 2024, China Mobile advanced research on low-carbon energy technologies, updating and refining standards for green and low-carbon sites. China Mobile conducted research and pilot validation of multi-energy complementary solutions and “source-grid-load-storage” integration for communication site scenarios. China Mobile also deepened research on AI-based intelligent management of site supporting facilities, developing intelligent technical solutions. 

Through these interventions, China Mobile added 467,000 5G base stations while achieving a 2% reduction in overall base station energy consumption in 2024, demonstrating the ability to scale operations without increasing energy use. 

With a cumulative annual investment of RMB7.87 billion in energy-saving, the growth rate of GHG emissions is being mitigated. As a result of the C² Three Energy Action Plan, the Company achieved an 8% reduction in total GHG emissions and a 15% decrease in GHG emission intensity in 2024, compared to 2023.